Portable medical device analysis

The emergence of portable medical equipment has filled the gap in domestic medical treatment and medical annoyance. People can diagnose and eliminate the need to go to the hospital to see a doctor and reduce hospitalization at home, and at the same time reduce medical costs...

At the same time, portable medical equipment can monitor vital signs before the patient is taken to the hospital, re-pacing the heart, and use ultrasound to check the internal conditions of the body. The goal is to contribute to the development of easy-to-use, interoperable home medical devices and to provide diagnostic data so that patients can get insurance claims, etc...

Let's analyze the mechanism and characteristics of portable medical equipment together, peeling off layer by layer, slowly "stinging" our eyes...

Portable medical device block diagram:

Portable medical device analysis

First, the wireless microcontroller

JN5148 - Ultra-low power, high performance 32-bit MCU combined with IEEE802.15.4 compliant transceiver supporting ZigBee & JenNet

Designed for low-power wireless networking applications with an enhanced 32-bit RISC processor for high encoding efficiency with variable-width instructions; a multi-level instruction pipeline for low-power operation with programmable clock speeds and various sleep modes. The device includes 128 kB of ROM, 128 kB of RAM, and a variety of analog and digital peripheral combinations. At the same time, the operating current is less than 18 mA, allowing direct operation through the button battery... also very suitable for ZigBee PRO network and smart metering...

Advantages and features:

1. First-class radio current consumption and a wide range of user peripherals

2. High-performance and low-power, high-capacity storage for simultaneous applications and ZigBee PRO with a versatile 32-bit RISC CPU

3. Solution for long battery life in system BOM with low component count, low cost and extremely low current

Second, capacitive sensor

It can compensate for various changes, such as changes in humidity or contamination on the electrodes, and can detect changes in capacitance on the remote sensor board for close-range operation without contact.

PCA8885TS -8 channel capacitive touch and proximity sensor with automatic calibration and very low power consumption.

An 8-channel capacitive touch and proximity sensor that uses a patented (EDISEN) method to detect changes in capacitance on the remote sensing panel. The change in static capacitance is automatically compensated by continuous automatic calibration. The remote sensing panel can be connected to the IC via a coaxial cable. The eight input channels work independently of each other. The sensor can also be matrix-arranged with built-in options: Interrupts occur only when both channels are active at the same time, in case redundant channel outputs occur when both channels are activated...

Advantages and features:

1. Support matrix array sensor, remote connection sensor board

2. Adjustable response time, adjustable sensitivity (continuous automatic calibration, digital processing method, can be used with plexiglass up to 6 mm thick)

3. Direct and latch switch mode, I2C ultra fast mode (Fm+) compatible interface

Third, the real time clock

PCF85063A - Tiny package real-time clock/calendar with alarm function and SPI bus

A CMOS real-time clock (RTC) and calendar, ideal for low-power applications. The offset register allows fine adjustment of the clock. All addresses and data can be transmitted serially over a two-wire bidirectional I2C bus. The maximum data rate of 400 kbit/s register address is automatically incremented each time a data byte is written or read...and is suitable for a variety of digital products and mobile devices...

Advantages and features:

1. 400 kHz dual line I2C bus interface, programmable clock output of peripheral devices

2. Alarm function, countdown timer, minute and half minute interrupt

3. Internal Power-on Reset (POR), Programmable Offset Register for Frequency Adjustment

Fourth, the temperature sensor

Accurate and reliable, long-term stability, positive temperature coefficient, fault protection

PCT2075-I2C bus Fm+ with 1 °C accuracy, digital temperature sensor and temperature monitor

Accuracy is ±1 °C over the ‐25°C to +100°C temperature range. Provides over-temperature detection output with integrated data registers: configuration registers for memory device settings, temperature registers for storing digital temperature readings, and setpoint registers for storing programmable over-temperature shutdown and hysteresis limits Programmable temperature sensor sampling time TIdle, can communicate with the controller through the two-wire serial I2 bus ultra fast mode (Fm+) interface...

Advantages and features:

1. 1 MHz Ultra Fast Mode (Fm+) 30 mA SDA driver can connect more devices on one bus while being backward compatible with fast mode and standard mode

2. With programmable temperature threshold and hysteresis set point during operation, power supply current is less than 1.0 μA in shutdown mode, saving energy

3. It can be used as a thermostat alone when powering up, 11-bit ADC, temperature resolution is 0.125 °C

Five, keyboard interface

PCA6408A - Low voltage, 8-bit I2C bus and SMBus I/O expander with interrupt output, reset and configuration registers

Remote I/O expansion for most microcontroller families via the I2C bus interface, NXP I/O expanders provide an easy solution with built-in levels while minimizing interconnects while requiring additional I/O Switching features make these devices extremely flexible in mixed-signal environments that communicate between incompatible I/O voltages...

Advantages and features:

1. Latch output with maximum drive capability of 25 mA for direct drive LED

2. Schmitt trigger operation allows slow input transitions on SCL and SDA inputs for better switching noise immunity

3. Configure all channels as inputs and no pulse interference on power-up

Six, amplifier

TFA9881UK - 3.4 W PDM Input Class D Audio Amplifier

A 9-bump WLCSP (wafer level chip package) with 400 μm pitch is used to receive audio and control settings through this interface. Dedicated Quiet Mode is used to configure the device's control settings, and the shutdown to active mode transition is triggered when a clock signal is detected...and is extremely suitable for portable navigation devices and mobile phones, computers...

Advantages and features:

1. The second-order closed-loop structure used provides excellent audio performance and high supply voltage ripple rejection

2. Can completely prevent short circuit at both ends of the load and short circuit with the power line

3. Current limit to avoid leakage, thermal protection, undervoltage and overvoltage protection

Seven, MOSFET

2N7002BK - 60 V, 350 mA N-Channel Trench MOSFET

N-Channel Enhanced Field Effect Transistor (FET) in a small SOT23 (TO-236AB) surface mount device (SMD) package with MOSFET technology, with ESD protection up to 2 kV, compatible logic levels, and very fast switching. Also suitable for: high-speed line driver and switching circuit...

Eight, other include

1 power management system:

Discrete Semiconductors, DC/DC Converters, LDOs

2 wireless devices:

ZigBee, RF, Bluetooth

3USB interface: ESD protection

IP3319CX6 - Single Channel Common Mode Filter with Integrated ESD Protection Network

4 logic gates, data selectors, GPIOs, analog switches, LED controllers, LCD drivers, LED diodes

5 display: ESD protection

BZA408B - Quadruple Bidirectional ESD Transient Voltage Suppressor

Today, many consumer medical devices simply display health monitoring results, leaving explanations and records to end users and their doctors. New devices automatically record and transmit results over a network connection.

At the same time, it helps consumer medical equipment to have the following characteristics: easy to use, highly reliable, safe, easy to connect, low power consumption (long battery life), support for multiple voltages (especially low voltage), high measurement accuracy, small size, high cost performance ...

With so many advantages, such a broad prospect, such practical performance, I believe no one can resist the naked temptation...

Do not forget the initial heart, can always be ... heart and mind, there will be echoes...

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