As we all know, Ethernet has become the most widely accepted communication protocol standard for home, enterprise and data center network connectivity and interworking. However, traditional Ethernet is not suitable for industrial data communication because of its certainty, real-time, reliability and other factors. For example, the CSMA/CD mechanism existing in Ethernet needs to continuously retransmit data when there is a conflict in the network, which brings challenges to the real-time performance of the network. In addition, due to the harsh working conditions and serious inter-line interference, the industrial site also causes Ethernet reliability is greatly reduced.
Therefore, because the Ethernet design did not start from the industrial network application, the major manufacturers in the industrial control field have developed industrial Ethernet protocols suitable for their industrial products, such as Siemens Profinet, Schneider's Modbus TCP/IP, Rockwell. Ethernet/IP, EtherCAT, Powerlink, CC-Link, etc. Industrial Ethernet, compared to traditional Ethernet, fieldbus, etc., has significant changes in real-time, transmission rate and other aspects.
However, these proprietary industrial Ethernet protocols still face bottlenecks, although they are more than adequate for meeting machine motion control.
Because when cloud computing and big data technologies gradually penetrate into the industrial field, industrial data communication is no longer limited to the machine-to-sense layer, nor is it limited to machine-to-machine, but extends to richer with people, clouds and applications. Connection. More types and more massive amounts of data need to be transmitted and processed, and the chain of data processing becomes longer, including on the edge side, including the cloud, including the gradual opening up with enterprise production systems and management systems. Therefore, how to deal with the connection and transmission of massive data through higher bandwidth, how to achieve more precise deterministic control and lower latency is still a huge challenge for industrial manufacturing. Therefore, a service standard that breaks down fragmentation and harmonizes data links is more important for the future of industrial manufacturing.
The "big one" of industrial data communicationTSN (Time Sensitive Network) + OPC UA (OPC Unified Architecture) is the perfect partner for building a comprehensive communications infrastructure from sensors to the cloud.
The working principle of the TSN is to prioritize (IEEE P802.3br) mechanism to prioritize critical data packets during transmission. This means that critical data does not have to wait for all non-critical data to complete before it is transmitted, thus ensuring a more deterministic, faster transmission path. Essentially, TSN has established a new standard that enables Ethernet to be real-time and deterministic.
Based on the high certainty and low latency of network communication provided by TSN, OPC UA provides a platform-independent service-oriented architecture that defines a unified standard and information model that enables devices and devices and devices. Interaction with businesses, and devices from different vendors.
The TSN+OPC UA combination provides a real-time, highly deterministic and truly device-independent communication network that will deliver significant improvements in bandwidth, security, interoperability, latency and synchronization.
For example, in the factory data collection, transmission and production operations, it is necessary to collect on-site machine status, production energy consumption, quality-related, and production-related parameters. With TSN+OPC UA, the data does not need to pass through the PLC controller or SCADA. The system, MES system... can be directly connected to the cloud. As a unified format for data transmission, OPC UA can be deployed in both the sensor layer and the cloud platform layer to maintain the unification of the full stack information model.
In other words, TSN+OPC UA, like Qin Shihuang's unified weights and measures, completely unifies the service standards of data links, which completely unifies nearly 100 kinds of fragmented communication protocols in the industry. A unified and effective data structure, the contribution to the development of digital society is no less than the initiative of Qin Shihuang's "Books with the same text, the same vehicle." After realizing this kind of unification, it will inevitably lead to a series of subversive and cascading reactions. The pyramid structure of traditional industry will be directly broken by a large probability, and it will become a flat structure. Without the layer equipment, the data can be directly obtained. “jumping†runs through data analysis and application.
TSN+OPC UA seamlessly integrates IT and OTOf course, the application of the TSN+OPC UA combination in the industrial field is still in its infancy, and more and more industrial suppliers, ICT manufacturers and chip suppliers are also speeding up their testing and verification.
At the just-concluded Hannover Industrial Fair in 2018, a number of organizations and vendors jointly launched a test verification for the TSN+OPC UA scenario application. Including Industrial Internet Industry Alliance (AII), Avnu Alliance, Edge Computing Industry Alliance (ECC), Fraunhofer FOKUS, Huawei, Schneider Electric, Hollysys, National Instruments (NI), B&R, TTTech, Sibo More than 20 international organizations and well-known manufacturers such as Spirent CommunicaTIons jointly released the TSN+OPC UA intelligent manufacturing test bed containing six industrial interconnection scenarios.
Dr. Alexander Willner of the Fraunhofer FOKUS, the largest applied scientific research institution in Europe, said, "Since the introduction of programmable logic controllers (PLCs), industrial automation processes have been greatly optimized. The convergence between OT (Operational Technology) and IT (Information and Communication Technology) is exciting and will bring interesting and innovative experiences. The combination of OPC UA and TSN enables real-time information exchange and interoperability in the industrial sector. The scenarios demonstrated in the test bed showcase our respective technological advantages and we are looking forward to the future of digital networking."
In the past, from the field layer, the control layer to the information layer, the best solution is to integrate and penetrate products with similar suppliers, but now, the “artificial boundary†caused by enterprises competing with each other has been broken, because Regardless of the differences in product types, brands, and features, bottom-up integration and integration can be easily achieved.
Of course, the industry's pursuit of TSN+OPC UA is not as simple as its high reliability and real-time performance. More importantly, they have opened the door for intelligent manufacturing transformation by rewriting the underlying architecture of industrial communications.
Whether it is Germany's "Industry 4.0" or China's "Made in China 2025" and other strategies, the technical foundation behind it is the opening of the Internet of Things. TSN+OPC UA is the key to the last mile of industrial interconnection, and it is also the key to truly achieve OICT convergence and accelerate intelligent manufacturing.
TSN+OPC UA will accelerate the formation of mature industrial Internet applications and production systems by changing industrial data communications, as it brings unimpeded data flow.
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