China IC industry dilemmas - market, technology and industry are isolated

Since the 1960s, under the traction of military demand, many IC factories have been established throughout the country, and IC technology and education are also relatively strong. In the 1980s, many technologies were leading in Asia, and they were able to make their own RAM and manufacture compatible 286 microprocessors.

After the middle and late 1980s, it began to gradually lag behind. Many factories are closed, and graduates cannot find a job in this field. Gradually, they stop their courses and majors, and lose their staff. In the early 80s, international academic exchanges Chinese scientists communicated with the world at the forefront of science and technology. By the early 1990s, they could not be at the forefront. They did not pay much attention to non-frontier issues.

The integrated circuit industry is a high-tech industry, but it cannot but consider the market, market demand guidance, technology promotion, IC industry investment is huge, technology changes are phased, and production capacity fluctuations have a huge impact. It will be obvious that the competitive advantage will be leading in one stage. Forward-looking technology development instead of tracking.

China's integrated circuit industry started as a domestic market. In the 1970s, it was a military market. After entering the 1980s, the sword was a plow, and the military market was shrinking rapidly. The integrated circuit industry was looking for a market and began to spotlight consumer electronics such as televisions. Products, the introduction of technology, and the gradual establishment of a 6-inch production line are now lagging behind. BYD has acquired some factories to produce power semiconductor integrated circuits for electric motors.

Foundry industry and DRAM are another market, SMIC has introduced 12-inch production line to produce DRAM later to give up, specializes in logic chip OEM, but because of various reasons, it lags behind, 12-inch production line can not produce production capacity, another Chinese Rainbow is a Japanese NEC technology. China's integrated circuits have introduced OEM production models, and built 12-inch production lines in Shanghai and Wuhan. Larger SMICs and recently merged Huahong, the former have annual sales of 1.6 billion U.S. dollars and the latter 600 million U.S. dollars. However, the production equipment and technology are all imported foreign technologies without their own technologies. The follow-up technologies cannot keep up and the operation is difficult.

In the 1990s, China’s integrated circuit design industry started. Huawei’s Hess Semiconductor designed user switch ICs. Only one-tenth of the price of outsourced purchases reduced the price per switch of the switch from 1,000 yuan to 200 yuan. The development of integrated circuit design industry is good. At present, it is only after the United States and Taiwan, designing communications and multimedia integrated circuits. Shanghai Spreadtrum’s annual sales reached US$600 million, and the IC design industry earned the first pot of gold on China’s third-generation mobile communications standard, TD-SCDMA, and now expands to other areas. Integrated circuit design can be attributed to the software industry. In many places, an integrated circuit design company is established just like a software outsourcing center.

Chinese scientists and technicians have successively developed 8-inch and 12-inch integrated circuit devices, such as 18-inch single-crystal silicon rods and 8- to 12-inch lithography machines, but the production has not been much. SMIC has bought 8-inch lithography machines. The production of single crystal silicon rods of 6 inches to 18 inches, monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon is also the technology introduced to the former Soviet Union for the manufacture of solar panels. China’s science and technology and industrialization are two skins. The problem of mutual communication is unresolved. In addition to ICs, the plasma panel PDP display technology of Southeast University is also the last to establish a small enterprise of its own, and Changhong Company spent US$800 million to acquire a company. Korean PDP company. There are serious problems in the cooperation between Chinese research institutes and universities and enterprises. The equipment developed by scientific research units has used the reported results and published papers, but the follow-up support to enterprises has not been sufficient; there is a lack of mutual trust.

From science and technology to industrialization, it has not been well resolved. Recently, the ratio of 1:10:100 investment has been proposed, scientific research has taken up one, engineering prototypes have taken 10, and investment in commercialization has accounted for 100. This shows that the investment is very large and needs cooperation from all sides. The production sector can invest several million, which is less than the hundreds of thousands of scientific research departments can solve the problem. The scientific research department has little chance to enlarge its scale by itself.

From the perspective of China's third-generation mobile standards, China Mobile has lagged behind Unicom and telecommunications, and it has benefited from integrated circuit design and communications manufacturers. The IC design industry is very worried about the failure of TD, mobile large-scale procurement of mobile phones and the provision of subsidies, is very concerned about the cost, can not be a good TD mobile phone, Jiangsu Ruihe company from the integrated circuit design company Spreadtrum, dedicated efforts to develop a better TD mobile phone Program.

The market for technology, integrated circuit industry, the comparison failed, the former electronics industry minister Hu Qili wrote a summary. IC industry, quit its own development, tracking and the introduction of technology, it is easy to lag behind.