In today's increasingly scarce energy sources, the use of natural energy has become the focus of attention. In all kinds of natural energy, endless solar energy is favored by its ubiquitous advantages.
In fact, all the energy on Earth comes from the sun. Coal and oil production, plant growth, water and wind movement. .. However, due to the dispersion and instability of solar energy, direct use of solar energy is not easy. In recent years, with the shortage of energy and the improvement of solar energy utilization technology, direct use of solar energy has become a reality.
There are many ways to use sunlight, and using silicon photovoltaic cells to generate electricity is one of the most convenient ways to use it. At present, the most important application area of ​​silicon photovoltaic power generation is to solve the lighting problem in areas with power supply difficulties.
In the summer, the sun light is less than 1000 watts per square meter. It can be seen that although the solar energy is huge, it is very scattered. The commercial silicon solar panel has an optical/electric conversion efficiency of about 14% and a high price. Therefore, solar energy is generally used for low-power generation. Since the power generation is small, the electric power cannot be too large. It is necessary to have the best possible illumination effect under a small electric input power, and the luminous efficiency of the illumination source is very important. At low power, traditional light sources have low light efficiency and are not suitable for use in solar lighting systems. In recent years, the technology of semiconductor light-emitting diodes has been continuously improved, and it has become a new type of illumination light source. The light-efficiency of low-power lighting applications is high, and the advantages of solar LED lighting systems combined with solar panels and batteries are obvious.
The complete solar lighting system consists of the following five parts:
1, solar panels
Solar panels are used to generate electricity when there is sunlight. The power generated depends on the power of the lighting and the lighting time. For example, the power of the lighting fixture is 2 watts, and the continuous illumination time is 10 hours when there is no sunlight. Considering the conversion loss of the conversion circuit, the power generation capacity of the solar panel must be about 3 watts.
2, battery
The function of the battery is to store the electricity generated by the solar cells in the presence of sunlight for use when there is no sunlight. The capacity of the battery is determined by the power of the solar panel and the power of the LED lamp and the lighting time. For example, with 2 watt LED lights, 3 watt solar panels, continuous lighting time of 10 hours when there is no sun, 12V/2.2AH batteries can be used.
3, solar charging control circuit
The function of this part of the circuit is to control the charging level when the sunlight is sufficient and the illumination time is long. When the battery is full, the charging is stopped, and the battery is not overcharged to protect the battery and prolong its service life.
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