Behind the hot investment in the LED industry, there is a flaw that has to be faced. Domestic LED companies lack the right to speak in key upstream segments such as epitaxial wafers and chips.
Most of the profits of this industry have been taken away by foreign companies. Domestic enterprises have slipped into the middle and downstream processing of the industrial chain from the very beginning, at the lowest end of the industrial chain. And similar to many "Made in China", the industry will develop to a certain stage, and the profits of enterprises will become thinner and thinner. "Micro-profit manufacturing is a bad injury, and the industry is no exception," said Dr. Zhang Xiaofei, director of the High-tech LED Industry Research Center.
From the perspective of the global LED industry layout, major companies in the US, Japan and the European Union, such as Cree, Nichia, Lumileds, and Osram, hold the core technologies of LED upstream substrate materials, chips, and epitaxial wafers, Korea and Taiwan. The company is closely followed by technology accumulation and scale to become a LED production base. China is still only a positive follower of this emerging industry.
From the perspective of the domestic LED industry layout, the development of China's LED industry is extremely uneven. According to the statistics of the National Development and Reform Commission, the total output value of China's semiconductor lighting in 2008 was nearly 70 billion yuan, of which the output value of the chip was 1.9 billion yuan, the package was 18.5 billion yuan, the output value of applied products was 45 billion yuan, and the ratio of chip, package and application value was 1:9. :twenty two. Although the total output value of the LED industry has increased significantly. For example, in 2009, the output value of LED in Shenzhen alone reached more than 20 billion yuan. However, the overall imbalance of LED development in China has not been fundamentally changed. Big difficulty.
Data from the China Lighting Association show that in the LED industry chain, epitaxial wafers and chips account for 70% of profits, while LED packaging and applications account for only about 30% of profits. At present, the production of epitaxial wafers is still completely controlled by foreign companies, and no domestic enterprise can achieve mass production of epitaxial wafers. On the chip side, domestic enterprises are mainly concentrated in the low-end, low-end areas. In the high-power high-end field, there are still problems in technology, mass production, and quality. In order to realize the desire to expand into the upstream industrial chain, some local governments have introduced preferential policies and introduced foreign leading manufacturers to establish production bases. For example, Nanhai introduced the US Xuming Company to invest in epitaxial wafer production, and Huizhou introduced the US Cree company to build a chip factory.
In the field of LED backlight LCD TVs, which are experiencing rapid growth, foreign companies still draw most of their profits. According to LED senior expert and Dr. Zhong Qun, the LED backlight is used to replace the original CCFL (cold cathode lamp) backlight. The cost has not changed much, but the price of the LCD TV sold has doubled, so it is represented by Samsung in South Korea. The company is very keen to promote LED backlight LCD TVs. The problem is that the LED chip used for the backlight of the LCD TV has high requirements on the luminous efficiency. At present, the medium power chip produced by the domestic enterprise cannot meet the technical requirements, and the reliability of the downstream LCD TV manufacturer cannot be obtained in terms of product reliability. Domestic LED chip manufacturers have difficulty sharing profits.
Gong Weibin, general manager of Ruifeng Optoelectronics confirmed the above statement. In the LCD TV backlight, the company did not use domestic chips. First, the technology could not meet the requirements. Second, the production scale of domestic chip factories could not keep up. It takes time for the LCD TV backlight. However, he is optimistic that there are many domestic companies that are now working on chips. It is estimated that after two years, companies will make available chips.
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